Bone is the second most transplanted tissue worldwide; in fact, bone grafts and bone substitute materials are used in over four million operations annually. Bone constitutes an essential part of the musculoskeletal system that is vital for maintaining our daily activities.
However, bone integrity may be compromised by tumors, trauma, infection, necrosis, congenital bone defects, and more, which may necessitate reconstructive surgery.
In the ocean of accessible biomaterials for the reconstruction of bone, mainly revolving around metals and alloys, polymeric materials and bioceramics, identifying the most suitable reconstructive material can be difficult.
Nevertheless, following the surge in bone research and a flourishing use of bone graft substitutes within the orthopedic field, biomaterials will reach clinics with exceptional and regenerative approaches to ultimately advance the field of bone reconstruction